Liquid fuel



(No Model.) I 2Sheets-Sheet 2.

VAR RU APPARAT 0R BU G L FUEL.

No. 390,036. Patented Sept. 25, 1888.

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UNITED STATES ATENT Darren,

CARL QVARNSTROM, OF TJORNEJ GOROD, BAKU, RUSSIA, ASSIGNOR TO MELKER FREDRIK RYDEN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUSFOR BURNING LlQUID FUEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390,036, dated September 25, 1888 Application filed January 18. 1888. Serial No. 261.135. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, CARL QVARNsTRGM, of Tjornej Gorod, Baku, in the Empire of Russia, have invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Burning Liquid Fuel, of which the following is a specification.

This improvement is especially intended for burning petroleum or other hydrocarbon liq uid with an intense flame adapted to heating steam-boilers, or for forges or furnaces for heating or smelting metals, or other purposes.

The liquid hydrocarbon is introduced by a tube below a pan into which such liquid rises, and there are open conical nipples passing up through the bottom of the pan, so that atmospheric air under pressure from a chamber below the pan can pass up through these nipples and produce an intense flame by the burning of such liquid hydrocarbon, and the flame is conveyed away through the flue to the hearth upon which the heating or melting operation is performed, or to the boiler; and I make use of a metallic grating within the pan containing the oil, there being annular openings between the grating and the airnipples, so that the petroleum or the gases therefrom will pass through these annular openings and come into immediate contact with the blast of atmospheric air and burn with an intense flame.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2is an elevation of the parts at the end where the petroleum is supplied, and Fig. 3 is a plan view below the line as or. The petroleum-pan A is preferably of "castiron, having beneath the middle portion thereof an oil supply pipe, 13, with openings 2 through the bottom of the pan, and to one end of this supply-pipe B the tube 0 is connected, having the proper valve or cook to regulate the flow of the oil, and such oil rises within the pan A to the proper regulated height.

Through the bottom of the pan A are the openings of the hollow conical nipples D, cast with such pan and placed at suitable distances apart, and the pan A is within the inclosure E, usually of cast-iron, that forms the airchamber F, to which air under pressure is supplied by the pipe G and suitable blowing apparatus. Within the pan A is a grating,

H, supported upon the studs 4 upon the bottom of the pan A, and this grating H is perforated with conical holes corresponding to the conical nipples D, but slightly larger, so that there will be an annular space around each conical nipple, and the petroleum or other liquid hydrocarbon is allowed to rise Within the pan A until it reaches the top of the grating H.

There is a narrow opening around the top edge of the pan A at 6, so that air will pass in laterally through the same from the chamber F and promote a perfect combustion of the hydrocarbon, and also act to keepthe flame away from the metal frame.

The oil is to be ignited, and the air blown into the flame through the nipplesD and openings 6 causes a very perfect and rapid combustion in the chamber K, so that an intense heat passes out of the flueM into theheating-chamber L, and the same is to be applied to any desired purposesuch, for instance, as heating boilers or metals or melting metals upon ahearth or in crucibles, the heating-chamber being of suitable construction for the given object.

It is usually preferable to make a flange, I. around the oil-pipe B and cast in one with said oil-pipe and with the pan A,and which flange extends laterally to cover the opening in the side of the vessel E, which opening is sufficiently large to allow for the insertion or withdrawal of the pan A and oil-pipe B, and the clamps Q and bolts R serve to hold this flange P tightly against the end of the vessel E, so

that the-pan A can be removed by loosening said bolts and turning the clamps Q. In case the supply of oil is too great, the surplus will overflow and run down the nipples D into the air-chamber F, and from thence by the pipe T to any suitable vessel.

The liquid fuel burns much more rapidly than coal, and the ,more intimate and rapid combination of the oxygen with the carbon causes the flame itself to be more intense than with coal; hence the heating effect of the flame is greater and more rapid and the article acted upon can be melted more perfectly because the flame is much hotter than the melted materials, and welds can be more perfectly made than with coal fires,there being no cinders,ashes,or

foreign substances present to adhere to the metal.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, in an apparatus for burning liquid fuel,of a vessel or inclosnre,E, of metal, having closed sides and lower end and forming an air-chamber, and having an inlet air-pipe, G, connected therewith, through which air under pressure can be forced,a castiron pan, A, within the vessel, an oil supply pipe, B, opening into the pan, and a supplytube,(), connected with the pipe B, the conical nipples I), formed with the pan A and rising from the bottom of the same,and a grating, H, supported within the pan, said grating being perforated with conical holes corresponding to the nipples and surrounding the same, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in an apparatus for burning liquid fuel,of a vessel or inclosure,E, forming an air-chamber, F, and the air-supply pipe G, connected with said vessel, the pan A, the oil-supply pipe l3,and the flange P,formed in one of cast metal, the pan and pipe being adaptedto be received within the vessel E and be supported by the same, the supplypipe O, for conveying liquid fuel to the pipe B, there being openings from the pipe B into the pan A, and the grating H within said pan, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in an apparatus for burning liquid fuel,of a vessel or inclosure,E, forming the ainchamber, the air-supply pipe G and the oil-drain pipe T, connected therewith, the cast-iron pan A, conical nipples D, oil-supply pipe B, and flange P, in one piece ofcast metal,the pan and pipe being adapted to be removably set into an opening at one side of the vessel E and to be supported by said vessel E,the supply-pipe O for liquid fuel, the grating H,supported within the pan,said grating being formed with conical holes corresponding to the nipples D, but of greater diameter, so as to form intervening annularspaces, there being an opening at 6 around the edge of the pan A, and between the same and the metal frame of the vessel E, whereby air is admitted from the vessel E through the nipples D and through the opening at 6, substantiall y as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination, in an apparatus for burning liquid fuel,of a vessel or inclosure,E, forming an air-chamber, F, and the air-supply pipe G, connected with said vessel, the pan A, the oil supply pipe B, extending across beneath the pan, and the flange P, formed in one of cast metal, and the pan and pipe being adapted to be received within the vessel E and be supported by the same, and the clamps Q, and the bolts R, connected to the vessel E, for holding the flange 1? in place against the end of the vessel E, the snpply-pipe O, for conveying liquid fuel to the pipe B, there being openings 2 from the pipe B into the pan A, and the grating H within said pan, substantially as specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal the 18th day of February, 1887.

CARL VARNs'rROM. [n s.]

Witnesses:

FREDRIK HnLsiNG'iNs, G. LENNART RYANDER,

Both of Baku, Russia. 

